US Waives Egypt Military Aid Conditions Over Iran War Role

The United States has waived human rights conditions tied to $320 million in military aid for Egypt, citing Cairo’s security cooperation and its role following the start of the US-led war against Iran.

Secretary of State Marco Rubio determined that the certification requirement covering $320 million in fiscal 2025 Foreign Military Financing should be waived, according to a September 21 letter sent to congressional committees. The State Department later confirmed the decision.

An accompanying memo said the funding was necessary for counterterrorism, border security and nonproliferation programs or otherwise served US national security interests. It specifically pointed to Egypt’s “helpful role” following Operation Epic Fury, the US military campaign against Iran launched alongside Israel in late February. The memo did not provide details about Cairo’s assistance.

Egypt has been a major recipient of US military support since signing its 1979 peace treaty with Israel, receiving roughly $1.3 billion annually for decades. Portions of that assistance have historically been linked to human rights requirements, creating periodic tensions between Washington and Cairo.

The waiver comes as the Iran conflict puts additional economic pressure on Egypt and other US security partners in the Middle East, including through higher fuel costs and regional disruptions.

Washington has previously withheld military assistance over Egypt’s human rights record. During the Biden administration, portions of the annual allocation were held back on multiple occasions. In 2024, however, the administration granted Egypt its full $1.3 billion allocation amid heightened regional security concerns.

Egypt has also played a significant diplomatic role in Gaza ceasefire negotiations, although Cairo has maintained a lower profile in efforts related to the Iran conflict.

Human rights organizations continue to accuse President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi’s government of abuses including torture and enforced disappearances. Egyptian authorities say they have taken steps to improve rights protections, while Sisi has argued that maintaining stability and meeting citizens’ basic needs remain government priorities.