A joint assessment estimates Ukraine will need $89.8 billion, or about €77 billion, for housing recovery and reconstruction, while a separate U.N. refugee agency estimate puts internal displacement at 3.7 million people.
The Fifth Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment was issued by the Government of Ukraine, the World Bank Group, the European Commission and the United Nations. Its review spans 46 months, from February 2022 through December 2025. By the Dec. 31, 2025, cutoff, damage or destruction had affected roughly one in seven homes and more than three million households. The assessment distinguishes the $89.8 billion recovery and reconstruction estimate from $61.1 billion in direct housing-sector damage.
The assessment also describes worsening housing affordability and limited supply in cities facing strong demand from displaced people. Many displaced people face financial barriers when trying to repair their homes. The report calls for physical rebuilding alongside measures to address the needs of displaced and low-income households.
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) reported 54,986 repairs to war-damaged homes since February 2022 in its 2025 housing figures. It also counted 1,959 abandoned or newly purchased houses made livable for internally displaced people. In 2025, contractors working with UNHCR repaired homes for 2,962 households, while another 2,368 households received construction materials or cash to buy them. The agency said the figures may change as records are reconciled and verified.
UNHCR’s 2026 Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan estimates that about 3.7 million people remain internally displaced in Ukraine, and 73% have been displaced for more than two years. The agency’s third-quarter 2026 monitoring covered more than 1,200 collective sites hosting nearly 60,000 people. About 6,300 newly displaced people were accommodated in the sites during August and September. In October, UNHCR said it was preparing its 2026-27 winter response plan.
