Total US federal debt outstanding stood at $40.5 trillion on Nov. 2, including borrowing held by the public and holdings within the government, the Treasury Department said.
The total rose $259.6 billion, or 0.6%, from Oct. 2. It increased $2.5 trillion, or 6.6%, from Nov. 3, 2025, providing comparisons over about a month and a year.
Debt held by the public accounted for $32.7 trillion of the total, while intragovernmental holdings accounted for $7.8 trillion. The two categories together make up the outstanding federal debt balance.
Separately, the department recorded $63.1 billion in accrued interest expense for September, the latest month supplied, and $800 billion for fiscal year 2026 through Sept. 30.
The debt balance and interest figures cover different periods. The outstanding debt figure was recorded on Nov. 2, while the latest interest expense figures were recorded for the month ended Sept. 30.
Treasury notes accounted for the largest interest expense among the categories listed, at $43.5 billion in September. Their accumulated interest expense reached $498.3 billion for fiscal year 2026.
Treasury bonds followed, with $15.3 billion in interest expense for September and $178.2 billion for the fiscal year. Notes and bonds were the two largest listed categories for both periods.
The inflation compensation component of Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, whose value adjusts for inflation, recorded a negative interest expense of $452 million in September. Its fiscal-year expense was positive at $69.7 billion.
That component ranked third among the listed categories by fiscal-year interest expense, behind notes and bonds. Its negative September amount contrasted with positive monthly expenses in every other category supplied.
Treasury floating rate notes, which carry interest rates that change, accounted for $2.3 billion in September interest expense. Their expense for the fiscal year reached $26.7 billion.
A separate category for inflation-protected securities recorded $2.1 billion in September interest expense and $24.4 billion for fiscal year 2026. Those amounts were listed separately from the inflation compensation component.
The category covering state and local government certificates of indebtedness, notes and bonds recorded $218.9 million in September interest expense. Its fiscal-year expense reached $2.7 billion, the smallest annual amount among the categories supplied.
The September total measures interest accrued during that month, while the fiscal-year total covers accumulated expense for fiscal year 2026 through Sept. 30. Both are separate from the November measure of outstanding debt.