2025 Market Outlook: Key January Events to Watch 
Gold Prices Fall Amid Rate Jitters; Copper Steady as China Stimulus Eyed 
Energy Sector Outlook 2025: AI's Role and Market Dynamics 
U.S. Stocks vs. Bonds: Are Diverging Valuations Signaling a Shift? 
Oil Prices Dip Slightly Amid Focus on Russian Sanctions and U.S. Inflation Data 
Fed May Resume Rate Hikes: BofA Analysts Outline Key Scenarios 
U.S. Banks Report Strong Q4 Profits Amid Investment Banking Surge 
US Futures Rise as Investors Eye Earnings, Inflation Data, and Wildfire Impacts 
Lithium Market Poised for Recovery Amid Supply Cuts and Rising Demand 
China's Refining Industry Faces Major Shakeup Amid Challenges 
European Stocks Rally on Chinese Growth and Mining Merger Speculation 
Urban studies: Doing research when every city is different 
Wall Street Analysts Weigh in on Latest NFP Data 
Gold Prices Slide as Rate Cut Prospects Diminish; Copper Gains on China Stimulus Hopes 
Moldova Criticizes Russia Amid Transdniestria Energy Crisis 
Trump’s "Shock and Awe" Agenda: Executive Orders from Day One 
China’s Growth Faces Structural Challenges Amid Doubts Over Data 
Turkish GDP expanded 0.40% in the third quarter of 2019 over the previous quarter.
And the annual inflation rate increased to 10.56% in November 2019 from a near three-year low of 8.55% in the previous month, and slightly below market expectations of 11%.
But their young demographics means that volume growth tends to do fine, at the cost of worsening underlying imbalances. The domestic saving rate is on the low side and cannot finance investment – the need to import foreign capital and a large current-account deficit are the consequences. The best counter against imbalances building up would be to maintain a high, positive real interest rate.
At present, this may not seem like a problem: The real interest rate appears high and the current-account deficit small (refer 1st chart). But this is only because the economy went through recession over the past year, which crushed import demand and brought inflation lower. These benefits are beginning to reverse: on a forward-looking basis, Turkey’s real interest rate is hardly positive while the trade deficit is going to get wider.
Yet, it is politically inconvenient to maintain a high real interest rate which would slow growth down. This brings us back full-circle to Turkey’s precarious situation with central bank independence, which darkens the lira outlook.
Hedging Strategy:
On hedging grounds, 2m USDTRY debit call spreads are advocated with a view to arrest upside risks. Initiated 2m 5.50/6.24 call spreads at net debit. One achieve hedging objective as the deep in the money call option with a very strong delta will move in tandem with the underlying spikes.
It seems that hedgers of TRY are positioned for the upside risks on the above fundamental factors. The positively skewed IVs of 2m tenors are bidding for OTM calls strikes up to 6.30 levels (refer 2nd chart).
IVs of this underlying pair is also on the higher side, trending highest among the G20 FX space. Call options with a higher IVs cost more, because, increasing IV is conducive for the option holder, just for an intuition that the higher likelihood of the market ‘swinging’ in holder’s favour. Courtesy: Sentry & JPM
