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Core consumer prices in Tokyo, Japan’s capital, rose 2.3% in December compared with the same period a year earlier, reinforcing expectations that the Bank of Japan (BOJ) may continue raising interest rates in the coming months. Although the increase slowed from November’s 2.8% rise, the data showed inflation remains firmly above the central bank’s 2% target, highlighting persistent price pressures in the world’s third-largest economy.
The Tokyo core consumer price index, which excludes volatile fresh food prices, came in slightly below the median market forecast of a 2.5% increase. Economists attributed the deceleration mainly to lower utility bills, which helped ease some cost pressures for households. Despite this moderation, inflation staying above target underscores the BOJ’s growing confidence that Japan is moving toward sustainable price growth after decades of deflation and ultra-loose monetary policy.
Another closely watched inflation gauge, which strips out both fresh food and fuel costs to better reflect demand-driven price trends, rose 2.6% in December from a year earlier. This was down from a 2.8% increase in November but still signaled underlying strength in domestic demand. The BOJ considers this index a key indicator when assessing whether inflation is supported by economic fundamentals such as wage growth and consumer spending.
These inflation figures will be carefully examined at the BOJ’s next policy meeting on January 22 and 23, when the central bank will release updated quarterly forecasts for economic growth and inflation. Last week, the BOJ raised interest rates to 0.75%, the highest level in 30 years, marking another milestone in its gradual exit from years of aggressive monetary easing.
Governor Kazuo Ueda has indicated that further interest rate hikes remain possible if economic conditions continue to improve, particularly with steady wage gains supporting consumer demand. Meanwhile, some analysts warn that the yen’s recent weakness could add to inflationary pressure by increasing import costs, a risk that several BOJ board members have already highlighted. As core inflation remains above target, markets are increasingly focused on the timing and pace of Japan’s next policy moves.
