Hamas Expands Control in Gaza Amid Uncertain Post-War Plans

Hamas is steadily tightening its control over Gaza as international leaders debate the region’s political future, according to residents who say the group has resumed monitoring commerce, regulating prices, and overseeing the flow of goods since Israel’s recent partial withdrawal. Despite foreign pressure for Hamas to disarm and relinquish power, many Gazans report that the group’s influence has become even more visible following the ceasefire that took effect last month.

Residents, including merchants with firsthand experience, say Hamas authorities closely inspect trucks entering their areas, record incoming supplies, and impose fees on certain privately imported goods such as cigarettes and fuel. They also fine businesses accused of raising prices unfairly. However, Ismail Al-Thawabta, head of the Hamas government media office, denies that the group has introduced new taxes, insisting that its actions are limited to necessary administrative duties and efforts to stabilize prices during a humanitarian crisis.

As goods remain scarce and prices volatile, many Gazans describe daily life like “a stock exchange,” with fluctuating costs and dwindling incomes. Shop owners note that shortages—not regulation—are primarily driving high prices, though Hamas teams regularly visit markets to enforce pricing guidelines.

The United States maintains that Hamas cannot lead Gaza under the new transition plan shaped after the October 10 ceasefire, which included the release of the last Israeli hostages taken during the October 7, 2023 attacks. The plan envisions a multinational security force, Hamas’ disarmament, and a new governing body, but its implementation continues to face significant obstacles. Israel still controls large parts of Gaza, and disputes persist over the Palestinian Authority’s role in future governance.

Analysts warn that Hamas is using delays in the transition to reassert its authority. The group has replaced fallen officials, continued paying standardized salaries to its remaining workers, and reinforced its administrative reach. Many Gazans feel Hamas is solidifying its position while international negotiations stall, raising concerns about how long the current situation will persist and whether a new governing structure can realistically take hold.